Agricultural and rural development provide a critically important opportunity for reducing malnutrition, partly because a large share of the malnourished resides in rural areas and partly because agriculture is the source of food and other ecological services for both rural and urban malnourished people. Productivity increases in agriculture and other parts of the food system are essential to provide food for future generations, but merely producing more food does not assure food security or improved nutrition. It is important to differentiate between food availability and food access. Many factors influence human nutrition and the impact of agricultural and rural development on human nutrition is not automatic and predetermined. The nutrition impact may be positive or negative and the magnitude of impact may be influenced by the design of agricultural and rural development projects and policies. Thus, to be successful, efforts to maximize the nutrition impact need to explicitly incorporate nutrition goals into the design and implementation of agricultural and rural development projects and policies. Furthermore, the pathways along which positive and potentially negative impacts are expected to flow should be identified. This paper presents and discusses these pathways and concludes that the following six issues should be taken into account in the design of agricultural projects.
- Target nutritionally-vulnerable groups: the poorest households, and women of childbearing age and young children.
- Measure nutrition
- Design projects that account for the nutrition-relevant tradeoffs in women’s time use.
- Design poverty reduction strategies explicitly to benefit nutrition.
- Promote production schemes that increase access to diverse diets.
- Improve quality and value of foods produced.
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The paper is available by clicking here.